Whether for interior or exterior wall applications, proper substrate preparation is the key to achieving high-quality results. Before applying putty, use a straightedge or level ruler to check the flatness and verticality of the wall surface. Based on the surface condition, determine the appropriate application method. Uneven areas may require multiple leveling coats, with a recommended interval of 2–3 hours between applications to ensure adequate drying.

The substrate must be thoroughly cleaned before application. Remove dust, loose particles, mortar residues, contaminants, and weak layers to ensure that the surface is solid, clean, and stable. Proper substrate preparation significantly improves adhesion and helps prevent defects such as hollowing, delamination, and cracking.

The recommended application temperature for putty ranges from 5°C to 35°C. Low temperatures can affect the dissolution and film-forming performance of additives such as cellulose ethers, while excessively hot and dry conditions may lead to rapid water loss, resulting in powdering and cracking.

After mixing the putty with water, allow it to rest for 3–5 minutes before remixing thoroughly. This ensures complete dissolution of all components and optimal workability. Interior wall putty is generally applied in two to three coats: the first coat is used for substrate leveling and corner correction, the second coat for full-surface application, and the final coat for touch-up and quality inspection.

The recommended thickness for each coat is between 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. Layers that are too thin may powder easily, while overly thick layers are prone to shrinkage cracking. Each coat must be fully cured before applying the next one. During winter construction, special attention should be paid to frost protection, ventilation, and drying conditions.

Exterior wall putty should provide excellent adhesion, water resistance, crack resistance, and workability. It is widely used on substrates such as concrete, cement mortar, gypsum plaster, drywall, and other inorganic building materials. During application, the putty should be mixed with water according to the recommended ratio, allowed to rest for 3–5 minutes, and remixed thoroughly to achieve a smooth, lump-free consistency.

During application, ensure complete coverage without exposed areas, missed sections, or visible joint marks. Exterior wall construction should not be carried out during rainy weather, high humidity conditions, or when the ambient temperature is below 5°C. After application, allow the putty layer to cure for 4–7 days before painting to ensure adequate alkali neutralization and prevent efflorescence.

For lightweight wall joints, repaired grooves, and transitions between different substrates, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh reinforcement is recommended. When using high-elasticity putty systems, mesh reinforcement may be reduced or eliminated depending on the project requirements, improving both construction efficiency and long-term durability.